Endeavor Careers Choicest Blogs: August 2021, Week 02

Endeavor Careers Posted on August 9, 2021

Welcome to the Endeavor Editors’ Current Affairs Choicest Blog series. Get a weekly roundup – on news from business, economy, markets, policy, and more. A quick capsule format news summary and update to keep you abreast with all the latest current affairs.

Current Affairs August 2021 – Week 2

1) International News and Global Economy

North Korea continues to develop nuclear, ballistic missile programmes in 2021: UN report

North Korea continued developing its nuclear and ballistic missile programmes during the first half of 2021 in violation of international sanctions and despite the country’s worsening economic situation, according to an excerpt of a confidential United Nations report seen by Reuters. North Korea has been subjected to UN sanctions since 2006 over its nuclear and ballistic missile programmes. The Security Council has steadily strengthened sanctions in a bid to cut off funding for the programs. Among the sanctions imposed are a ban on the export of coal and other commodities and the import of oil.

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US urges citizens to immediately leave Afghanistan as Taliban intensifies attack

The US embassy in Kabul said in a statement that its ability to assist Americans in Afghanistan is extremely limited given the security conditions and reduced staffing. As the Taliban continues to make rapid gains in Afghanistan, the United States has asked its citizens to immediately leave the war-torn country. The militants of the Islamist fundamentalist group have surrounded several Afghan cities and taken control of the provincial capital. On 6^th August, the Taliban fighters shot dead the head of the Afghan government’s media information center near a mosque in Kabul. “The US Embassy urges US citizens to leave Afghanistan immediately using available commercial flight options,” the embassy said amid the worsening situation.

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Taliban captures first Provincial Capital in Afghanistan, weeks before US’ final withdrawal

The Taliban has captured the city of Zaranj in Afghanistan’s Nimruz province on August 6. This is the first provincial capital in Afghanistan to fall since US began to pull out its troops in May. The takeover comes as Taliban attackers killed the head of the Afghan govt Media and Information Centre. The UNSC made it clear the world community will not accept any govt forcibly imposed by the Taliban.

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Israel strikes Gaza after incendiary balloon launches

Israel conducted overnight airstrikes against Hamas targets in Gaza in retaliation for the launching of incendiary balloons from the Palestinian enclave that caused fires in southern Israel, the country’s military said. There have been sporadic incidents, including a series of incendiary balloon launches, since a May 21 ceasefire ended 11 days of deadly fighting between Israel and Hamas. Last week’s balloon launches come after the Israeli army carried out retaliatory shelling in Lebanon in response to a volley of rockets fired by Hezbollah, a Hamas ally.

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Rocket attack on Israel from Lebanon; Hezbollah claims responsibility; IDF hits launch sites

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Biden to set target of half of US car sales to be zero-emission by 2030

President Joe Biden will unveil a target backed by the Detroit automakers for half of all cars sold in the United States by 2030 to be zero-emission vehicles, the White House announced. The move is the latest reversal by Biden of former President Donald Trump’s climate and environmental policies, and aims to promote a transformation of American transportation, the biggest source of the country’s carbon emissions. The order will position, America to drive the electric vehicle future forward, outcompete China and tackle the climate crisis. The current emissions regulations, which date from March 2020, require manufacturers to improve by 1.5 percent the energy efficiency of their vehicles between 2021 and 2026, less than the five percent demanded under Trump’s predecessor Barack Obama.

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How realistic is President Joe Biden’s goal for electric vehicles?

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2) India

Covid update

Fight against COVID-19 receives strong impetus, says Prime Minister as vaccinations top 50 crore

Prime Minister Narendra Modi said India’s fight against coronavirus has received a strong impetus as the cumulative number of COVID-19 vaccine doses administered in the country surpassed the 50 crore-mark. “India’s fight against COVID-19 receives a strong impetus. Vaccination numbers cross the 50 crore mark. We hope to build on these numbers and ensure our citizens are vaccinated under #SabkoVaccineMuftVaccine movement,” Modi tweeted.

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Third Covid wave likely to peak in October, India may see 1.50 lakh cases per day: Report

The third wave of COVID-19 may hit India this month (August) and may hit a peak in October, researchers have said. According to a report in Bloomberg, researchers led by Mathukumalli Vidyasagar and Manindra Agrawal at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) in Hyderabad and Kanpur respectively have said the third wave of the novel coronavirus may peak with less than 1,00,000 infections a day in the best-case scenario; or nearly 1,50,000 cases a day in the worst scenario. The predictions on the COVID-19 third wave come from researchers who had accurately forecast the lessening of the surge in COVID-19 cases earlier this year, and this study is based on a mathematical model. On the third wave predictions, the researchers have further said it is not likely to be as brutal as the second wave.

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Covid: India’s 3rd wave by August-end, peak in October 2021, say IIT researchers

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Other updates

Total debt expected to rise to 61.7% of GDP in FY22: Minister

The government informed Parliament that it expects the total debt as percentage of GDP to increase to 61.7 per cent (provisional) in 2021-22 from 60.5 per cent (provisional) in the previous fiscal. At the same time, public debt would rise to 54.2 per cent in the current financial year from 52 per cent in 2020-21. The government expects fiscal deficit to come down to 6.8 per cent in the current fiscal from 9.3 per cent estimated for 2020-21. In a written reply in the Rajya Sabha, Minister of State for Finance Pankaj Chaudhary said the government’s amendment of the FRBM (Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management) Act will target a path of fiscal consolidation aimed towards reaching a level of fiscal deficit below 4.5 per cent of GDP by 2025-26.

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Bonhomie after Assam-Mizoram talks yet to reflect at border points

Ministers and high-level officials of Assam and Mizoram attended an important meeting at Aizwal to find a peaceful solution to the border dispute, the first meeting between top functionaries of the two states after the July 26 firing. The two states also agreed not to send their security forces to the disputed areas where neutral forces have been deployed by the central government. Assam also immediately withdrew its travel advisory which asked residents not to travel to Mizoram. But more than 24 hours after the meeting, people are unable to travel through the border areas between Assam and Mizoram. Central forces deployed along the border said they don’t have permission to allow people to cross over in their private vehicles.

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New minister undertakes major revamp of Railways bureaucracy; 33 joint secy-level officials appointed

A month after a new minister took charge at Rail Bhavan, the Indian Railways has undertaken a major revamp at the crucial Divisional Railway Manager (DRM) level. Total 33 new DRMs (equivalent to civil service joint secretaries) have been appointed and are set to take charge soon. The scale of the exercise is significant considering the appointments, which include promotions, which were pending since some time before minister Piyush Goyal was replaced by Ashwini Vaishnaw.

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Govt nullifies retro tax; introduces Bill to amend Income Tax Act

The Indian government on Thursday has finally moved to bury the ghost of retrospective tax as it proposed a Bill to amend the Income Tax Act. Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman introduced The Taxation Laws (Amendment) Bill in the Lok Sabha. “The Bill proposes to amend the Income-tax Act, 1961 so as to provide that no tax demand shall be raised in future on the basis of the said retrospective amendment for any indirect transfer of Indian assets if the transaction was undertaken before 28th May, 2012 (i.e., the date on which the Finance Bill, 2012 received the assent of the President),” the Finance Ministry said in a statement.

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Modi Government to amend Retrospective Tax Regime: The Fineprint

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Avantha Group promoter Gautam Thapar held in Yes Bank fraud case

The Enforcement Directorate (ED) has arrested Avantha Group promoter Gautam Thapar under Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) in connection with a case relating to the alleged Yes Bank fraud. The ED has been probing an alleged transaction between his company Avantha Realty, Yes Bank co-founder Rana Kapoor and his wife, who are already being investigated under the PMLA by the agency.

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3) Economy

Economy is on path to recovery, says PM Modi; lists 5 top indicators

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has identified five indicators that will ensure the Indian economy stays on the revival path. He said the five indicators (agriculture, FDI, automobiles, manufacturing, and EPFO) have bounced back despite the COVID-19 hitting the Indian economy hard. He said auto and tractor sales had also bounced back, while touching or surpassing the last year’s levels. Also that we have made steady recovery in manufacturing, which has moved it two notches up in the list of key emerging markets, behind China and Brazil. Besides, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has said he’s optimistic about achieving the $5 trillion dollar economy target by 2024.

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RBI Policy: Status quo, low interest rates to boost growth, say corporates

The MPC kept the repo rate unchanged at 4 percent. As expected, the stance of the monetary policy panel has been retained as ‘accommodative’. The RBI has increased the retail inflation estimate for the financial year 2021-22 to 5.7 percent from 5.1 percent projected earlier while retained the GDP growth target for the financial year at 9.5 percent. Dr Sachchidanand Shukla, Chief Economist, Mahindra Group said that this was more a ‘take it easy policy’ cue for markets from the RBI. This comes as a surprise and can be construed as an early sign of normalisation in liquidity conditions (likely towards the end of the fiscal) that is likely to precede any rate actions,” he added. Shukla also expressed surprise on RBI’s growth projections. “Interestingly, RBI remains quite optimistic on the strength of the rebound in the second half of the fiscal and beyond, with growth projections at 6.2 percent and 17.2 percent in Q1 FY23. Such high growth projections for Q1 FY23 seems a bit surprising, given the potential scarring from the pandemic,” he added.

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RBI Monetary Policy: Governor Shaktikanta Das’ press conference

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4) Markets, Banking and Finance

Explained | What is e-RUPI: How India’s new digital payment system works and other details

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has launched a new mode of cashless and contactless digital payment, – e-RUPI, to ensure seamless transfer of benefits to the citizens in a “leak-proof” manner. e-RUPI is formally backed by the Indian currency as an underlying asset, thus distinguishing it from virtual currencies. The apex bank is also currently working on implementing central bank digital currency or CBDC across the country in a phased manner. Recently, RBI deputy governor T Rabi Sankar stressed the need of such CBDCs. According to him, those are “desirable not just for the benefits they create in payments systems, but also might be necessary to protect the general public in an environment of volatile private VCs.

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Explained: What Is E-Rupi

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Sebi reduces minimum lock-in period for promoters post IPO

Markets regulator Sebi relaxed lock-in period for promoters’ investments after stock market listing of firm from 3 years to 18 months under certain conditions. Sebi board also said that the decision simplifies compliance requirements for alternative investment funds. The lock in of pre IPO securities held by persons other than promoters shall be locked in for a period of 6 months from the date of allotment. Holding period for VC Fund/AIF of category I & II or Foreign Venture Capital Investor shall be 6 months as against 1 year earlier.

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Banks close lakhs of current accounts, clients open grievance accounts

Indian banks have closed hundreds of thousands of current accounts, inconveniencing many small business owners, as the time to comply with a Reserve Bank of India directive has ended. SBI alone is said to have closed more than 60,000 accounts after sending repeated reminders to customers. In August last year, the banking regulator had introduced new rules for the opening of current accounts, which mandated that a borrower can have a current account with only the bank which accounts for at least 10% of his total borrowing. While banks were given three months to adhere to the new strictures, the delay in implementation has forced the Reserve Bank to extend the deadline till July 31.

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Rise in retail stress levels not alarming: RBI Deputy Governor Jain

The Reserve Bank of India is closely monitoring the rising delinquencies in the retail portfolios of lenders, deputy governor, M.K. Jain said. Despite the rise in retail stress levels, the regulator reckoned that the situation is not alarming. Jain said that they have asked banks and NBFCs to raise capital as well as provisions. “We also conduct stress tests, in the past we had advised all regulated entities post Covid to improve their provisions, to which they have responded,” Jain said. If you see the results of all banks, pre and post Covid there is overall improvement in all parameters with regards to capital adequacy ratio, there is reduction in gross NPA, net NPA, as well as slippage ratio, there is improvement in provision coverage ratio and there is also improvement in profitability. The sector is better positioned today than what it was before the onset of Covid.”

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Explainer: All you need to know about the TLTRO scheme

Highlighting the nascent and slow revival of the Indian economy, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) extended its on-tap Targeted Long Term Repo Operations, commonly known as TLTRO, till December 31, 2021, augmenting its duration by around 3 months. In essence, the scheme allows banks to borrow funds from the RBI at the prevailing repo rate (4 percent) for a period of one to three years, with government securities that have an equivalent or higher tenure serving as collateral. Consequently, the banks can invest these funds in designated sectors only through various debt instruments like corporate bonds, non-convertible debentures, commercial papers, and more, since the ultimate objective is to increase the flow of credit in the economy.

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5) Business

Amazon wins Supreme Court case restraining merger between Future and Reliance

The Supreme Court has upheld e-commerce giant Amazon’s plea against the Rs 24,731-crore merger of Future Retail Ltd (FRL) with Reliance Retail. The top Court said that the order by a Singapore arbitrator in October – that put the deal on hold after finding merit in Amazon’s objections – was valid. Amazon and FRL have been embroiled in a bitter legal fight over the deal and the US-based firm has sought in the apex court that the EA award was valid and enforceable.

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SC Rules in favour of Amazon in dispute with Future Retail

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Swiggy Partners with Reliance, others for EV delivery fleet

Online food delivery giant Swiggy has announced a partnership with Reliance BP Mobility — a joint venture of Reliance Industries and UK energy major British Petroleum (BP) — to trial electric vehicles in its delivery fleet. Hero Motors’ electric bikes division Hero Lectro and UK-based last-mile logistics service provider Fast Despatch Logistics have also partnered with Swiggy for electric cycles. The company has announced it will cover over 8 Lakh KM via EVs by 2025. In the partnership, Reliance BP Mobility will be building an EV ecosystem and battery swapping stations for Swiggy’s delivery partners across the country.

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India’s 5G space booming with global, domestic players pitching in

India’s 5G dreams may have been delayed amid the pandemic but this has not been able to detract the equipment makers from engaging in terms of equipment manufacturing and network development. Further, both domestic and global companies are set to benefit from the non-participation of Chinese majors Huawei and ZTE in the 5G trials. Global equipment majors such as Ericsson are not the only ones in the game. Even domestic players have risen up to the occasion and are now actively pursuing tie ups along with growing their technical prowess. Tech Mahindra, Sterlite Technologies Ltd and state-run ITI Ltd are among the Indian companies which have come up with 5G expertise.

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Indian Startups seek direct overseas listing rights

Founders and CEOs of 22 leading startups and venture capital firms are reported to have jointly written to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, urging the government to allow direct overseas listing of Indian companies. The request comes at a time when a number of Indian startups are on the way to get listed at the bourses and have accelerated their plans to go public. The positive reception for food delivery and restaurant aggregator Zomato’s public listing at the exchanges has only fueled these ambitions further. According to the letter, startups need access to international capital to level the playing field with foreign technology giants and be globally competitive. Until 2019, direct overseas listing for Indian startups was barred. Last year, the government passed an enabling law that allowed direct overseas listing in select foreign jurisdictions. Although, the government is yet to release the finer blueprint of the new regulations.

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Digitalisation helped SMEs gain new customers, increase transactions amid pandemic: Survey

MSMEs have been hugely benefitted by digitalisation during this pandemic phase as they acquired new customers and increased transactions with their existing users, according to a survey report. However, a majority of traders are now seeking relaxations in proposed e-commerce rules to be framed by the government, said the report by the community social media platform LocalCircles. The survey based on over 17,000 responses from over 6,200 startups and micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) located in 172 districts of India said 57 per cent of MSMEs and startups that sell/transact online have concerns about key clauses in the proposed e-commerce rules and want compliance exemptions if annual turnover is less than Rs 5 crore.”

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6) Technology

Netflix unlikely to change Indian pricing despite Equalisation Levy

Global streaming giant Netflix will not pass on India’s 2% equalisation levy to its customers in the market this year and local tariffs for Indian users are expected to remain unchanged. Other tech giants, in particular Google, are likely to pass on the equalisation levy to its ad business customers in the US and other countries whose ads are visible in India. The equalisation levy may also affect the pricing of other OTT platforms and tech service providers in India. Google last month said that it will be adding a surcharge to the invoices sent to non-Indian customers whose ads are viewed in India. It’s likely that given the tight competition with Amazon Prime, Disney+ Hotstar, SonyLIV, Zee5 and other OTT majors in the India, Netflix does not have too much room to manoeuvre its pricing for the Indian market.

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Unacademy valued at $3.4 bn post new funding, will diversify beyond edtech: CEO Gaurav Munjal

Unacademy has raised $440 million in a new funding round led by Singapore’s Temasek Holdings, valuing the education technology startup at $3.4 billion. South Korea’s Mirae Asset also joined the round, and existing investors such as SoftBank Vision Fund, General Atlantic and Tiger Global participated with large cheques, signalling strong investor interest in a sector that has gained tremendously from rising digital adoption during the pandemic. The edtech firm, valued at $2 billion less than a year ago, has now seen a 70% bump-up in the current round. In an exclusive interview with ET, Unacademy’s cofounder Gaurav Munjal said that the six-year-old startup, which began life as a YouTube channel for learning, “wants to position itself as a broader technology firm with multiple consumer-facing products, and not be restricted to edtech. Munjal plans to use the funding to build new lines of business in segments such as jobs and hiring, where it will compete with the likes of Naukri.com and Linkedin. It will also launch creator-led short courses and scale existing businesses such as test preparation and K-12 coaching (from Kindergarten to Class XII).

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Together Fund, India’s first operator-led VC, wants to build ‘the next 30 Olympic champions in (SaaS) startups’

Girish Mathrubootham, Manav Garg, Shubham Gupta and Avinash Raghava launch Together Fund, a fund ‘For founders, With founders, and By founders’ to build early-stage SaaS startups with mentorship, network and operational guidance, rather than just funding. The fund will mostly invest in homegrown startups in the software-as-a-service (SaaS) space as well as a few that provide new-age software services in consumer-facing sectors such as edtech and fintech. The choice of sectors isn’t a surprise considering Girish’s partners in the fund are Manav Garg, founder of Eka Software, and Shubham Gupta, who was leading SaaS deals at venture capital firm Matrix Partners India until last year, and Avinash Raghava, Founding Volunteer at SaaSBOOMi and Co-Founder of iSPIRT. The main currency of investment, they explain, will be time and mentorship for budding founders, and not merely money in startups, and the partners in the fund will span the entire startup ecosystem.

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Decoding the factors behind the popularity of crypto among corporates

While more than 8 million retail investors make the most of crypto investing through platforms like CoinSwitch Kuber, more companies in India and across the world are embracing cryptocurrencies. They are rushing in to acquire a stake in this $1.5 trillion industry by aligning their operations with the crypto industry and creating platforms that let them tap into this ever-growing digital economy. Most companies have now realized the need to incorporate cryptocurrency and its underlying technology in their operations. They are still exploring ways in which they can tap into the technology and reap maximum benefits.

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7) Politics

Mission 2022: BJP Aims at retaining power in UP, appoints on-charges for All 403 Assembly Seats

Ahead of a crucial assembly election in Uttar Pradesh in early 2022, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has kick-started preparations by holding several rounds of meetings in Lucknow and appointed assembly in-charge for all 403 seats. As discussed, the in-charges will not contest the upcoming polls and if willing to do so, then they will first have to resign from the assembly in-charge post. The assembly in-charges have been asked to report about selection of candidates for Uttar Pradesh assembly elections 2022 and to focus on victory of the constituency assigned by the top brass of UP BJP unit. The assembly in-charges will also have to focus on winning those state assembly seats which the BJP has never won so far. Along with this, they have been asked to hold board meetings to make strategies to fight polls.

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8) Sports

India win 7 Olympics Medals in highest-ever tally

India’s wait for a gold medal at Tokyo Olympics ended as Neeraj Chopra created history by becoming the country’s first track and field athlete to clinch a gold with a throw of 87.58 m. With his medal added to this year’s tally, India also saw a new record of winning the highest number of medals at Olympics, surpassing the 2012 record. The country has won seven medals so far – two silver, four bronze and a gold. Shortly before Neeraj Chopra’s dazzling win in Men’s Javelin Throw, wrestler Bajrang Punia won a bronze today and defeated Kazakhstan’s Daulet Niyazbekov.

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Indian Men’s and Women’s Hockey Teams achieve best-ever world rankings after Tokyo Olympics

The Indian men’s and women’s hockey teams jumped one spot each to achieve their highest-ever world rankings at number 3 and 8 respectively, riding on their historic campaign at the Tokyo Olympics. The Indian men’s team, which ended a 41-year-old medal drought by clinching a historic bronze in the Olympics, was placed behind gold-medallist Belgium and silver-medallist Australia. While the men’s side claimed the bronze, the women’s team narrowly missed out a medal after going down to Great Britain in the hard-fought third-place play-off, to end at the fourth place.

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Bangladesh win 3rd T20I to seal first ever series win against Australia

Bangladesh captain Mahmudullah guided his side to their first ever series win over Australia, masterminding a thrilling 10-run victory in the third Twenty20 international. Having taken an unassailable 3-0 lead in the five-match series in Dhaka, the young Bangladesh team fell into each other’s arms in disbelief at their biggest night in cricket. Before this week, Bangladesh had never even beaten Australia in a T20. It was their first series win over their lauded opponents in any format.

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9) Opinion

IPO-Bound Policybazaar cuts losses by 50% In FY21, But Will it sustain?

Fintech unicorn and online insurance aggregator PB Fintech Ltd, the parent company of online insurance platform Policybazaar, has filed a draft red herring prospectus (DRHP) with the Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to raise INR 6,017.50 Cr via an initial public offering (IPO). While insurance aggregator services witnessed huge return in FY21, it was offset by lower revenue from the credit platform Paisabazaar. Over 68% of the platform’s operating income comes from its insurance aggregator services. Lower expenses in FY21 were also due to constraints on lending partners although the company has stated that it is working on reducing advertising costs going forward. The Indian insurance (including insurtech) space has started observing a rising demand since the past year.

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From the investors’ lens: 7 factors that boosted funding growth in 2021 and the way forward

The 2021 Indian startup funding bonanza continues. This year, startups have, so far, raised almost $20 billion in funding, saw 20 new unicorns, and witnessed two IPOs — Zomato and Nazara. And it’s only August. In July alone, the Indian startup ecosystem raised almost $10 billion (including a mega-round of $3.6 billion raised by Flipkart), and added three new unicorns to its cap. This is almost equal to the total funding raised in the first six months of 2021, and more than the entire amount raised in 2020. This increase in capital inflow is largely due to growing investor confidence in a more mature Indian startup ecosystem with more seasoned returning entrepreneurs, amidst a rise in more global innovations and solutions being built.

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SC verdict on RIL-FRL deal: Can Amazon get strategic advantages out of Future Retail?

The folks at Amazon India must be a happy lot with the Supreme Court verdict. Not only does it restrain Reliance Retail from going ahead with its merger with Future Retail but gives Amazon a serious shot at the Indian market. Amazon already has a stake in Future Coupons, a Future Group company, and a larger pie of the consumer beckons. There are clear strategic advantages that Amazon can get out of Future Retail. Right on top is a footprint of around 1,700 stores across formats, among which are Big Bazaar, Easyday, Foodhall, and Hypercity. Analysts tracking Future Retail say the big attraction for Amazon is the backend, which includes the ability to source products. While Amazon, with its deep pockets, can easily establish all this, the time taken for that is hard to ignore.

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Should India get more involved in Afghanistan or stay away & allow Pakistan to fill in the vacuum?

ThePrint’s Senior Consulting Editor Jyoti Malhotra describes two schools of thought in New Delhi and what they think India should do in Afghanistan – the “be active” and the “be patient” schools.

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Cars fueled by sugar in India will add to food inflation risks

India is pushing for more cars to run on ethanol made from sugar, a move that risks raising the cost of the sweetener globally. The government will fast-track an ethanol program that will divert as much as 6 million tons of sugar toward fuel production annually by 2025, according to the food ministry. That’s almost the entire amount that India, the world’s second-biggest producer after Brazil, currently exports to the global market. To meet its 2025 target, India will have to almost triple ethanol production to about 10 billion liters a year, according to the country’s oil secretary Tarun Kapoor. This will require $7 billion of investment and the challenge would be to create the kind of capacity needed in a short span of three to four years.

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Explained: What is the importance of IAC-1, the Made-in-India aircraft carrier?

The Indigenous Aircraft Carrier (IAC) 1, which will be called INS Vikrant once it enters service with the Indian Navy about a year from now, started sea trials — one of the last phases of trials. This is the first aircraft carrier designed and built in India. An aircraft carrier is one of the most potent marine assets for a nation, which enhances a Navy’s capability to travel far from its home shores to carry out air domination operations. Only five or six nations currently have the capability of manufacturing an aircraft carrier — India joins this elite club now. Experts and Navy officials said India has demonstrated the capacity and self-reliance to build what is considered to be one of the most advanced and complex battleships in the world.

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With that, we come to an end for our Weekly Current Affairs August 2021 -week 2. Hope you have liked it. Write your feedback in the comments below and let us know if there is anything else you would like us to cover.

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